What happened in 1570–1579

World3

• 1571Battle of Lepanto: Spanish, Venetian, and Papal naval forces, under Don John of Austria, defeat the Ottoman fleet of Müezzinzade Ali Pasha.
• 1576Tahmasp I, the Shah of Safavid Iran for almost 52 years, is accidentally poisoned after being treated by the palace physician, Abu Naser Gilani. Tahmasp's death is followed by a deadly struggle for control of Iran.
• 1577The new Shah of Iran, Ismail II, has most of the advisers of his late father executed, including Prince Ibrahim Mirza."Ebrāhīm Mīrzā", by Marianna S. Simpson, in

Japan9

• 1570July 30 (28th day of 6th month of Genki 1) – Battle of Anegawa: The allied forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the combined forces of the Azai and Asakura clans.
• 1570September 25 (26th day of 8th month of Genki 1) – The 10-year-long Ishiyama Hongan-ji War begins in Japan as Oda Nobunaga stages simultaneous attacks on two fortresses (Ishiyama Hongan-ji and Nagashima) of the Ikkō-ikki faction near Osaka.
• 1571September 30 (12th day of 9th month of Genki) – In Japan, the Siege of Mount Hiei is carried out by Oda Nobunaga at Ōmi Province (now the Shiga Prefecture). After Nobunaga's 30,000 troops overwhelm the monks of the 4,000 warriors of the Sōhei, Nobunaga orders the massacre of more than 1,500 survivors.
• 1572June 14 (4th day of 5th month, Genki 3) – At the Battle of Kizaki, Shimazu Yoshihiro leads an army of just 300 men to defeat the 3,000 strong Ito clan of Itō Yoshisuke.
• 1573January 25 (22nd day of 12th month of Genki 3 – At the Battle of Mikatagahara in Japan, Takeda Shingen defeats Tokugawa Ieyasu.
• 1573March – The siege of Noda Castle begins near what is now the city of Shinshiro in Japan, after the leader of the Takeda clan, the warlord Takeda Shingen, is shot by a sniper after offering generous terms of surrender to the Tokugawa clan, led by Tokugawa Ieyasu. By March 10, the Noda Castle surrenders.
• 1575Battle of Nagashino: Oda Nobunaga defeats Takeda Katsuyori in Japan's first modern battle.
• 1577In the Battle of Tedorigawa, Uesugi Kenshin's forces decisively defeat the forces of Oda Nobunaga, in what will be Kenshin's last victory before his death the following year.
• 1578(17th day of 3rd month, Tensho 6) The Siege of Otate begins in Japan after the death of Uesugi Kenshin, the warlord of the Echigo Province.

Europe69

• 1570The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus begins as more than 350 Ottoman ships and over 60,000 troops land near Larnaca and then march toward the Cypriot capital, Nicosia.
• 1570The siege of Nicosia by the Ottoman Empire begins in Cyprus and lasts for seven weeks.
• 1570The Treaty of Stettin ends the Northern Seven Years' War.
• 1571The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus is concluded, by the surrender of Famagusta. Cyprus is established as an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire, and the first Turkish colony moves into the island.
• 1572Pope Pius V issues the papal bull Supremi omnipotentis Dei, granting an indulgence reducing 50 days of punishment in the afterlife for Roman Catholics who recited the penitential psalms.
• 1572Pope Gregory XIII succeeds Pope Pius V, as the 226th pope.
• 1572St. Bartholomew's Day massacre: Catholics in Paris murder thousands of Protestants, including Gaspard de Coligny and Petrus Ramus, at the order of King Charles IX, with Catherine de Medici's connivance. Henry of Navarre and the Prince of Condé barely escape the same fate. This brings about the Fourth War of Religion in France.
• 1575William I of Orange founds Leiden University.
• 1577Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge over the Drina in Višegrad is completed in the Ottoman Empire.
• 1578Sebastian, King of Portugal is killed in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir in North Africa while fighting the Saadi Sultanate. Sebastian's elderly uncle, Cardinal Henry, is named as the heir to the throne, initiating a succession crisis in Portugal.
• 1579The Union of Arras unites the southern Netherlands under the Duke of Parma, governor in the name of king Philip II of Spain.
• 1579The Union of Utrecht unites the northern Netherlands in a confederation called the United Provinces. William the Silent becomes Stadtholder, and the Duc d'Anjou, younger brother of Henry III of France, is invited to become hereditary sovereign.
• 1579The Treaty of Arras is concluded between Spain (represented by the Duke of Parma), and members of the Union of Arras that had been formed in January. The Union of Utrecht continues its resistance against Spain while the County of Hainaut, the County of Artois, and the cities of Douai, Lille, Orchies and Arras agree to a separate peace under Spanish rule.
• 1579Karlovac in Croatia is founded.
• 1579In the Spanish-controlled Netherlands, the representatives of the Union of Utrecht declare that they will no longer respect the authority of King Philip of Spain.

54 more in the app

USSR / Russia2

• 1571Moscow is burnt by the Crimean army, under Devlet I Giray.
• 1572Battle of Molodi: A large Crimean–Ottoman army which invaded Russia is routed.

Asia6

• 1571Following the Battle of Bangkusay Channel, the conquest of the Kingdom of Maynila is complete; Spanish Conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi makes Manila a city, and the capital of the Philippines.
• 1571Liliw, Laguna, Philippines is founded by Gat Tayaw, followers and residents as a municipality of Laguna.
• 1575Battle of Tukaroi: The Mughal Empire decisively defeats the Karrani dynasty of Bengal. The battle took place near the village of Tukaroi in present-day Balasore District of Odisha.
• 1576The establishment of Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau.
• 1576In the Battle of Haldighati in India, Mughal Imperial forces, led by Man Singh I of Amer, decisively defeat the Mewar Kingdom led by Maharana Pratap.
• 1576The Mughal Empire annexes Bengal after defeating the Bengal Sultanate at the Battle of Rajmahal.

Middle East5

• 1570The ambassador of the Ottoman Sultan Selim II goes before the governing Council of the Venetian Republic and requests that Venice surrender the island of Cyprus. The Council rejects the demand and prepares to go to war with the Ottoman Empire.
• 1574Selim II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, launches the attempt to reclaim Tunis from control of the Holy Roman Empire with more than 250 warships and 100,000 troops, and to restore North Africa to Muslim control.
• 1574Selim II, the 50-year-old Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, is killed after becoming drunk, falling, and fracturing his skull on the floor of the Topkapi Palace.
• 1574Murad III, eldest son of Selim II, is formally enthroned as the Ottoman Sultan after eliminating his other brothers as rival claimants to the throne.
• 1579Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire for more than 14 years, is assassinated in Constantinople.

Latin America5

• 1570An estimated 8.3 magnitude earthquake occurs in Concepción, Chile.
• 1572Tupac Amaru and other Inca Empire nobles are executed in Peru at Cuzco on orders of the Spanish colonial Viceroy, Francisco de Toledo, who then carries out the destruction of the relics of the Incan civilization.
• 1573Córdoba, in the Viceroyalty of Peru, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera.
• 1573Santa Fe, Argentina, is founded by Juan de Garay.
• 1575An earthquake hits Valdivia.

Africa1

• 1576The city of Fez, part of the Saadi Sultanate in modern-day Morocco is captured by Ottoman forces led by Abd al-Malik, in an attempt to overthrow the Sultan Muhammed al-Mutawakkil and to make the Sultanate a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.