What happened in 1876

World3

• Jul 8Reichstadt Agreement: Russia and Austria-Hungary agree on partitioning the Balkan Peninsula.
• Aug 6The first issue of Arabic language newspaper Al-Ahram is published by Saleem and Beshara Takla in Alexandria, Muhammad Ali dynasty (modern-day Egypt).
• Oct 31The great 1876 Bengal cyclone strikes the coast of modern-day Bangladesh, killing 200,000.

North America22

• Feb 22Johns Hopkins University is founded in Baltimore, Maryland.
• MarAmerican librarian Melvil Dewey first publishes the Dewey Decimal Classification system.
• MarThousands of Plains Indians in the United States travel to an encampment of the Sioux chief Sitting Bull in the region of the Little Bighorn River, creating the last great gathering of native peoples on the Great Plains.
• MarInvention of the telephoneBell in the United States got a patent, and voices could now be turned into electricity and sent far away. Telephone service started in Japan in 1890 in Tokyo and Yokohama.
• May 10Major pharmaceutical brand Eli Lilly is founded in Indiana, United States.
• May 10The Centennial Exposition begins in Philadelphia.
• Jun 17American Indian Wars: Battle of the Rosebud – 1,500 Sioux and Cheyenne, led by Crazy Horse, beat back General George Crook's forces at Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory.
• JunJune 25/26 – American Indian Wars: Battle of the Little Bighorn: 300 men of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer are wiped out by 2,000 Lakota, Cheyenne and Arapaho, led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse.
• Jul 4The United States Centennial Exposition is celebrated across the country.
• Oct 4Texas A&M University opens for classes.
• Oct 6The American Library Association is founded in Philadelphia.
• Nov 71876 United States presidential election: After long and heated disputes, Rutherford B. Hayes is eventually declared the winner over Samuel J. Tilden.
• Nov 25American Indian Wars: Dull Knife Fight – In retaliation for the dramatic American defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, United States Army troops under General Ranald S. Mackenzie sack Chief Dull Knife's sleeping Cheyenne village at the headwaters of the Powder River (Montana). The soldiers destroy all of the villagers' winter food and clothing, and then slash their ponies' throats.
• DecThe first American edition of Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is published by the American Publishing Company; a British edition has appeared in early June in London with the first review appearing on June 24 in a British magazine.
• Adolphus Busch's brewery, Anheuser-Busch in St. Louis, Missouri, first markets Budweiser, a pale lager, as a nationally sold beer.

7 more in the app

Europe10

• Jan 1The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
• Feb 24The first stage production of the verse-play Peer Gynt by Henrik Ibsen premieres, with incidental music by Edvard Grieg, in Christiania (modern-day Oslo), Norway.
• Mar 20Through constitutional reform taking legal effect, Louis De Geer becomes the first Prime Minister of Sweden.
• Apr 1Lars Magnus Ericsson starts a small mechanical workshop in Stockholm, Sweden (from April 27 partnering with Carl Johan Andersson), dealing with telegraphy equipment, which grows into the worldwide company Ericsson.
• May 1The Royal Titles Act 1876 in the UK Parliament confers the title 'Empress of India' upon Queen Victoria from 1877.
• MayMay 2 (April 20 O.S.) – April Uprising of 1876 in Ottoman Bulgaria begins: members of the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee rise up against their Ottoman Empire overlords. Over the course of one month and 6 days, the rebellion is suppressed by irregular Ottoman bashi-bazouk units that engage in indiscriminate slaughter of both rebels and non-combatants, killing 15,000–30,000, including the principal rebel leaders and around 5,000 in the Batak massacre. Although the rising does not immediately succeed in its aims, reports of the "Bulgarian Horrors" cause a public outcry in the West and the liberation of Bulgaria is achieved two years later.
• Aug 13A performance of Wagner's Das Rheingold opens the first Ring cycle at the first Bayreuth Festival.
• Sep 12King Leopold II of Belgium hosts the Brussels Geographic Conference, on the subject of colonizing and exploring central Africa. By the event's conclusion, a new international body named the International African Association (indirect forerunner of the modern Congo state) is established.
• Sep 26Global consumer goods and personal care company Henkel is founded by Friedrich Karl Henkel in Aachen, Germany.
• Nov 4The long-awaited First Symphony of Johannes Brahms has its première at Karlsruhe, under the baton of Otto Dessoff.

USSR / Russia1

• May 30The Ems Ukaz, a secret decree, is issued by Tsar Alexander II of Russia in the German city of Bad Ems, aimed at stopping the printing and distribution of Ukrainian-language publications in the Russian Empire.

Asia1

• Feb 26The Japanese force the Korean government to sign the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 (having brought a fleet to Incheon, the port of modern-day Seoul), opening three ports to Japanese trade and forcing Korea's Joseon dynasty to cease considering itself a tributary of China. On China's urging, Korea also signs treaties with the European powers, in an effort to counterbalance Japan.

Middle East3

• May 30Abdülaziz is deposed by his nephew Murad V as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire on the grounds of mismanaging the economy; 6 days later, Abdülaziz is found dead at the Çırağan Palace in Istanbul and 93 days later Murad is deposed by Abdul Hamid II on the grounds of mental illness. For this reason, in Turkey 1876 is known as the 'Year of the Three Sultans'.
• Dec 13New Constitution of the Ottoman Empire signed, ending Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire.
• Dec 23Constantinople Conference opens.