What happened in 1918

World14

• Jan 27The Finnish Civil War begins with the Battle of Kämärä.
• Feb 1Cattaro Mutiny: Austrian sailors in the Gulf of Cattaro (Kotor), led by two Czech Socialists, mutiny.
• Feb 3Finnish Civil War: Battle of Oulu – The White Guard defeats the Reds.
• Mar 15Finnish Civil War: The battle of Tampere begins.
• Mar 25The Belarusian People's Republic declares independence.
• Apr 6Finnish Civil War: The battle of Tampere ends.
• May 15The Finnish Civil War ends.
• May 26The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic is abolished; Georgia declares its independence as the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
• Sep 3The Bolshevik government of Russia publishes the first official announcement of the Red Terror, a period of repression against political opponents, as an "Appeal to the Working Class" in the newspaper Izvestia.
• Sep 5Russian Civil War: The Kazan Operation begins. The event continues for 5 days, and solidifies the Red Army's power in Russia over the White Army.
• Sep 25The Battle of Megiddo ends with the Battle of Haifa, Battle of Samakh, and Capture of Tiberias.
• Oct 29The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs declares its independence from Austria-Hungary.
• Nov 13The Allied Occupation of Constantinople begins.
• Dec 31A British-brokered ceasefire ends the two weeks of fighting in the Georgian–Armenian War.}

North America5

• Jan 8American president Woodrow Wilson presents the Fourteen Points as a basis for peace negotiations to end the war.
• Jan1918 flu pandemic: The "Spanish flu" (influenza) is first observed in Haskell County, Kansas.
• JunAugust – The "Spanish flu" becomes pandemic. Over 30 million people die in the following 6 months.
• Jul 14Quentin Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt's youngest son, is killed in action during the Second Battle of the Marne.
• Dec 4President Woodrow Wilson departs by ship to the Paris Peace Conference, becoming the first United States President to travel to Europe while holding office.

Europe59

• Mar 3WWI: The Central Powers and Bolshevist Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending Russia's involvement in the war.
• Mar 7WWI: Finland forms an alliance with Germany.
• Apr 1The Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Naval Air Service in Britain are merged to form the Royal Air Force, the first autonomous Air Force in the world.
• May 16The victory military parade by the Finnish White Guard is held in Helsinki celebrating their decisive victory in the Finnish Civil War. The day also begin to be celebrated on the Defence Forces Flag Day before it is moved in 1942 to the June 4th.
• Jul 3Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War: The Siberian Intervention is launched by the Allies, to extract the Czechoslovak Legion from the Russian Civil War.
• Oct 28Czechoslovakia declares its independence from Austria-Hungary.
• Oct 30The Armistice of Mudros ends conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I, and grants independence to the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.
• Nov 1The Polish–Ukrainian War is inaugurated, by the proclamation of the West Ukrainian People's Republic in Galicia, with a capital at Lwów.
• Nov 3Poland declares its independence from Russia.
• Nov 9Provisional National Council Minister-President Kurt Eisner declares Bavaria to be a republic.
• Nov 14Czechoslovakia becomes a republic.
• Nov 16The Hungarian Democratic Republic is declared, marking Hungary's independence from Austria.
• Nov 28Estonian War of Independence: The Red Army invades Estonia, starting the war. The Commune of the Working People of Estonia is established as a Soviet puppet state in Narva on the next day.
• Dec 5Estonian War of Independence: The British light cruiser strikes a mine and sinks near Saaremaa in the Baltic Sea, killing 11 sailors.
• Dec 21Estonian War of Independence: The Red Army captures Tartu, Estonia.

44 more in the app

USSR / Russia13

• Jan 15The Red Army (The Workers and Peasants Red Army) is formed in the Russian SFSR and Soviet Union.
• Jan 19The Russian Constituent Assembly proclaims the Russian Democratic Federative Republic but is dissolved by the Bolshevik government on the same day.
• Jan 25The Third All-Russian Congress of Soviets establishes the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
• Feb 14Russia switches from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar; the date skips from January 31 to February 14.
• Feb 19WWI: The Imperial Russian Navy evacuates Tallinn through thick ice, over the Gulf of Finland.
• Feb 23Estonian Declaration of Independence from Russia, after seven centuries of foreign rule; German forces capture Tallinn the following day.
• Jun 12Grand Duke Michael of Russia is murdered, thereby becoming the first of the Romanovs to be killed by the Bolsheviks.
• Jul 17Execution of the Romanov family: By order of the Bolshevik Party, and carried out by the Cheka, former emperor Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra Feodorovna, their children, Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia, Alexei and retainers are shot at the Ipatiev House, in Ekaterinburg, Russia.
• Aug 10Russian Revolution: The British commander in Archangel is told to help the White Russians.
• Aug 16The Battle of Lake Baikal is fought by the Czechoslovak legion, against the Red Army.
• Aug 30In response to the October Revolution in Russia, Vladimir Lenin is shot and wounded by Fanny Kaplan in Moscow, but survives.
• Aug 30Moisei Uritsky, the Petrograd head of the Cheka, is assassinated.
• Dec 16Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas declares the formation of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic, a puppet state created by the Russian SFSR to justify the Lithuanian–Soviet War.

Asia4

• Apr 22Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia declare their independence from Russia as the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic.
• May 28Armenia and Azerbaijan declare their independence as the First Republic of Armenia and the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic respectively.
• May 29WWI: The week-long Battle of Sardarabad concludes with defending Armenian forces victorious over the Ottomans.
• Nov 11End of WWI: Armistice of 11 November 1918 – Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies, between 5:12 AM and 5:20 AM, in the "Compiègne Wagon", Marshal Foch's railroad car, in the Forest of Compiègne in France. It becomes official on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. At 10:59 U.S. soldier Henry Gunther becomes (probably) the last killed in action.

Middle East5

• Feb 10Deposed Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II dies in Istanbul.
• Mar 30March Days: Bolshevik and Armenian Revolutionary Federation forces suppress a Muslim revolt in Baku, Azerbaijan, resulting in up to 30,000 deaths.
• Jul 4Mehmed VI succeeds as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire on the death of his half-brother Mehmed V (Reşâd, who has reigned since 1909), himself reigning until the Sultanate is abolished in 1922.
• Sep 26The Capture of Damascus begins, with the Charge at Irbid by the 4th Cavalry Division (India).
• Oct 1WWI: The Desert Mounted Corps captures Damascus.