What happened in 1810–1819

World3

• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Treaty of Chaumont signed by four Allied powers, deepening their alliance against France.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Battle of Jobourg: British squadron defeats and captures two French frigates.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition: Coalition troops occupy Paris.

North America27

• 1812War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the U.S. Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom.
• 1812The United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom begins the War of 1812 between the U.S., Britain and Canada.
• 1812War of 1812: Tecumseh's Indian force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
• 1812War of 1812 – Battle of Fort Dearborn: Potawatomi warriors overrun the United States fort in Illinois Territory.
• 1812War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit, without a fight, to the British Army.
• 1812War of 1812: defeats the British frigate, off the coast of Nova Scotia. The British shot is said to have bounced off Constitutions sides, earning her the nickname "Old Ironsides".
• 1812War of 1812: American naval forces under Lieutenant Jesse Duncan Elliott capture two British warships, and.
• 1812War of 1812 – Battle of Queenston Heights: As part of the Niagara campaign in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops, led by Sir Isaac Brock (who dies during the battle).
• 1812War of 1812: defeats the British frigate, off the coast of Brazil.
• 1813War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance.
• 1813War of 1812: Construction begins on Fort Meigs in Ohio, under the command of General William Henry Harrison. Major Amos Stoddard assumes command of its artillery.
• 1813War of 1812 in North America: General William Henry Harrison sends out an expedition to burn the British vessels at Fort Malden by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is not hard enough, and the expedition returns.
• 1813War of 1812: Colonel James Ball arrives at Fort Meigs with 200 dragoons.
• 1813War of 1812: Battle of York – United States troops raid and destroy but do not hold the capital of Upper Canada, York (modern-day Toronto).
• 1813War of 1812: Fort Meigs is first besieged, by British allied forces under General Henry Proctor and Chief Tecumseh.

12 more in the app

Europe53

• 1812Napoleon's Grande Armée crosses the Neman River, and invades Russia.
• 1812Siege of Burgos: British troops under Arthur Wellington are forced to abandon the siege of Burgos after a month. Meanwhile, Joseph Bonaparte makes plans to recapture Madrid. He assembles an army led by Louis-Gabriel Suchet and Jean-de-Dieu Soult to drive Wellington out of central Spain.
• 1812The French invasion of Russia comes to an end as the remnants of the Grande Armée are expelled from Russia.
• 1813Napoleonic Wars – Battle of Leipzig: Napoleon is defeated by the forces of the Sixth Coalition. More than 600,000 troops are in the field, with well over 10% killed, wounded or missing. Many of the German states forming the Confederation of the Rhine defect from Napoleon I to the Coalition, as a result of the battle.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French garrison surrenders to the British after ten days of bombardment.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Metz: Allied armies lay siege to the French city and fortress of Metz.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Battle of Hoogstraten: Prussian forces under Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bülow defeat the French.
• 1814Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes the Kingdom of Norway into personal union with Sweden, in exchange for west Pomerania. This marks the end of the real union of Denmark-Norway.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Antwerp: Allied forces besiege French Antwerp.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Ragusa: Allied siege of French town begins.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – First Battle of Bar-sur-Aube: Two Austrian and Württemberger corps wage an inconclusive battle against the French Imperial Guard.
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Ragusa: French garrison surrenders to the British and the Austrians.
• 1815The Final Act of the Congress of Vienna is signed: A new European political situation is set. The German Confederation and Congress Poland are created, and the neutrality of Switzerland is guaranteed. Also, Luxembourg declares independence from the French Empire.
• 1815Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Waterloo – Allied forces led by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher decisively, and this time permanently, defeat Napoleon.

38 more in the app

USSR / Russia6

• 1812Russian field marshal Mikhail Kutuzov signs the Treaty of Bucharest, ending the Russo-Turkish War (1806–12) and annexing Bessarabia to Imperial Russia.
• 1812Russia's Patriotic War – Battle of Klyastitsy: Kulnev defeats Oudinot, but sustains a mortal wound.
• 1812Napoleonic Wars – French invasion of Russia – Battle of Borodino: The bloodiest battle of the Napoleonic Wars so far ends in a tactical victory for Napoleon. There are at least 70,000 casualties, with a minimum of 6,562 dead from the French Grande Armée alone.
• 1812French invasion of Russia and Fire of Moscow: Napoleon's troops enter Moscow, which is deliberately set on fire by Muscovites, on orders of Fyodor Rostopchin. Later accounts report that France lost 40,000 troops during four days of fire between September 17 and 20, and that 20,000 Russian soldiers were killed in what would be described in 1876 as "the greatest example in history of national self-sacrifice for the destruction of an invader."
• 1814War of the Sixth Coalition – Battle of Berry-au-Bac: French cavalrymen led by Napoleon defeat Cossacks under Ferdinand von Wintzingerode.
• 1815The Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland is signed, creating Congress Poland, a constitutional monarchy in personal union with the Russian Empire, under terms agreed at the Congress of Vienna.

Middle East1

• 1813Persia and Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan at the end of the Russo-Persian War, by which Persia loses modern-day Georgia, Dagestan and most of Azerbaijan to Russia.

Latin America10

• 1810Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General of Venezuela, is removed by the people of Caracas, and Supreme Junta is installed. Venezuela is the first South American state to proclaim independence from Spain.
• 1810The city of Santa Cruz de Mompox, in modern-day Colombia, declares independence from the Spanish Empire.
• 1810Manuel Belgrano prepares his invasion to the Provincia del Paraguay.
• 1810Manuel Belgrano crosses the Paraná River to Itapúa Department, starting his invasion of Paraguay.
• 1811Paraguay declares independence from the Spanish Empire (recognised May 15).
• 1811José Miguel Carrera, Chilean founding father, is sworn in as President of the executive Junta of the government of Chile.
• 1812Argentine War of Independence: Manuel Belgrano raises the Flag of Argentina (which he designed) in the city of Rosario, for the first time.
• 1812The 1812 Caracas earthquake destroys Caracas, capital of Venezuela.
• 1817An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the Andes from Argentina, to liberate Chile and then Peru.
• 1817Battle of Chacabuco: Argentine and Chilean soldiers of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata defeat the Spanish royalist troops in what is now Chile, marking the turning point in the war against European rule of South America.